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Планетарна топкова мелница PM 400

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техническа информация

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The PM 400 is a robust floor model with 4 grinding stations and accepts grinding jars with a nominal volume from 12 ml to 500 ml. It processes up to 8 samples simultaneously which results in a high sample throughput.

The extremely high centrifugal forces of Planetary Ball Mills result in very high pulverization energy and therefore short grinding times.

The mill is ideally suited for tasks in research like mechanochemistry (co-crystal screening, mechano-synthesis, mechanical alloying and mechanocatalysis), or ultrafine colloidal grinding on a nanometer scale, as well as for routine tasks such as mixing and homogenizing soft, hard, brittle or fibrous materials.

For mechanical alloying of hard-brittle materials, the PM 400 is available in a special “MA” version. 

Планетарна топкова мелница PM 400

The high-volume Ball Mill for high throughput applications

  • Max. speed 400 rpm, large sun wheel
  • Up to 10 mm feed size and 0.1 µm final fineness
  • 4 grinding stations for jars from 12 ml up to 500 ml, jars of 12 – 80 ml can be stacked (two jars each)
  • GrindControl to measure temperature and pressure inside the jar.
  • Aeriation lids to control the atmosphere inside the jar
  • Floor model, storable SOPs and cycle programs, 5 different jar materials for dry and wet grinding

Планетарна топкова мелница PM 400 Reproducibility, safety and easy handling

  • Reproducible results due to speed control
  • Easy and safe clamping of grinding jars
  • The Safety Slider prevents starting the machine without securely clamped jars
  • Innovative counterweight and imbalance sensor for unsupervised operation
  • Comfortable parameter setting via display and ergonomic 1-button operation
  • Automatic grinding chamber ventilation
  • 10 SOPs can be stored, programmable starting time
  • Power failure backup ensures storage of remaining processing time

Settings & Options

  • Dry and wet grinding possible
  • Suitable for long-term trials, 99 h max.
  • Interval operation allows for cooling breaks
  • Direction reversal helps to minimize caking effects
Comfortable parameter setting via display and ergonomic 1-button operation

The best alternative to a Retsch planetary ball mill? A Retsch mixer mill.

Benefit from particularly ergonomic handling while achieving the same finenesses down to the nanometer range.

Operation of the RETSCH planetary ball mills is particularly safe. They feature a robust Safety Slider which ensures that the mill can only be started after the grinding jar has been securely fixed with a clamping device. The self-acting lock ensures that the jar is seated correctly and securely. This proven solid mechanical system is less failure-prone than electronic solutions - the user has full access to the sample at any time. When the electronic system fails, it is not possible to unlock the jars, for example.

Wet grinding is used to obtain particle sizes below 5 µm, as small particles tend to get charged on their surfaces and agglomerate, which makes further grinding in dry mode difficult. By adding a liquid or dispersant the particles can be kept separated.

To produce very fine particles of 100 nm or less (nano-scale grinding) by wet grinding, friction rather than impact is required. This is achieved by using a large number of small grinding balls which have a large surface and many friction points. The ideal filling level of the jar should consist of 60 % small grinding balls.

For more details on jar filling, wet grinding and sample recovery watch the video.

The video shows wet grinding in the Planetary Ball Mill PM 100.

The graphic shows the result of grinding glass at 360 rpm in the PM 400. After 1 h of pulverization in ethanol with 1 mm grinding balls, the D90 value of the original sample was reduced from 13 µm to 1.6 µm.

Grinding of glass in ethanol with 1 mm grinding balls. Blue curve: original sample; green curve: pulverized sample after 60 min. 

Grinding of glass in ethanol with 1 mm grinding balls.
Blue curve: original sample; green curve: pulverized sample after 60 min. 

Планетарна топкова мелница PM 400 EasyFit grinding jars for excellent results

The performance and the result of sample preparation are also determined by the choice of the grinding jar and its ball charge. The EasyFit range of jars has been specially designed for extreme working conditions such as long-term trials, even at maximum speed of 800 rpm, wet grinding, high mechanical loads and maximum speeds as well as for mechanical alloying. This line of jars is suitable for all RETSCH planetary ball mills.

The new EasyFit grinding jar series features a structure on the bottom of the 50-500 ml jars called Advanced Anti-Twist (AAT). This ensures that the jars are tightly fixed without the risk of twisting, even at high speed, and that wear and tear is drastically reduced. Secure clamping of the jars is made much easier: to find the correct clamping position, a maximum twist of 60° is required.

The geometry of the EasyFit jars in the 50 ml and 250 ml sizes has been enlarged in diameter and reduced in height compared to the previous "comfort" models. This offers two advantages: better grinding results and interchangeable lids, as there are only three diameter dimensions for the entire grinding jar range.

Diameter categories

  • Diameter 1: 12 ml and 25 ml grinding jars
  • Diameter 2: 50 ml, 80 ml and 125 ml grinding jars
  • Diameter 3: 250 ml and 500 ml grinding jars

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  • Available jar sizes: 12 ml / 25 ml / 50 ml / 80 ml / 125 ml / 250 ml / 500 ml
  • Innovative Advanced Anti-Twist (AAT) function ensures secure fit of grinding jars
  • High flexibility thanks to suitability of three lid sizes for all seven jar sizes
  • Pressure-tight and dust-proof O-ring sealing prevents material spillage
  • Jars and balls available in 5 materials: hardened stainless steel, tungsten carbide, agate, sintered aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide
  • Stainless steel protective jacket for agate, sintered aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide and tungsten carbide grinding jars
  • A groove between jar body and lid allows for easy opening of the lid, e. g. with the help of a spatula, if there are underpressure effects inside the jar
EasyFit grinding jars for excellent results - Planetary Ball Mill PM 300

Jars & lids for special applications 

  • For colloidal or wet grinding, the use of a grinding jar with a special closure device is recommended
  • The special closure device is designed for ergonomic handling
  • Aeration lids are designed for working under inert atmosphere, for example if oxygen can influence the grinding process or the mechanosynthesis. The lids allow the introduction of gases like argon or nitrogen into the grinding jar.
  • Optional pressure and temperature measuring system PM GrindControl

Both the aeration lid and GrindControl can now be equipped with inlays of different materials. Thus, the lid can be used for, e. g. a steel and a zirconium oxide jar by simply exchanging the inlay.

Jars & lids for special applications  - Planetary Ball Mill PM 300

Adapter for special applications

With a special adapter, co-crystal screening can be carried out in a planetary ball mill, using disposable vials such as 1.5 ml GC glass vials. The adapter features 24 positions arranged in an outer ring with 16 positions and an inner ring with 8 positions. The outer ring accepts up to 16 vials, allowing for screening up to 64 samples simultaneously when using the Planetary Ball Mill PM 400. The 8 positions of the inner ring are suitable to perform trials with different energy input, e.g. for mechanosynthesis research.

Grinding jar
nominal volume
Sample amount Max. feed size Recommended ball charge (pieces)
Ø 5 mm Ø 7 mm Ø 10 mm Ø 15 mm Ø 20 mm Ø 30 mm Ø 40 mm
12 ml до 5 ml <1 mm 50 15 5 - - - -
25 ml до 10 ml <1 mm 100 25 8 - - - -
50 ml 5 – 20 ml <3 mm 200 45 10 7 3 - -
80 ml 10 – 35 ml <4 mm 250 70 25 10 5 - -
125 ml 15 – 50 ml <4 mm 500 110 30 18 7 - -
250 ml 25 – 120 ml <6 mm 1200 220 50 45 15 6 -
500 ml 75 – 220 ml <10 mm 2000 440 100 70 25 8 4

The table shows the recommended charges (in pieces) of differently sized grinding balls in relation to the grinding jar volume, sample amount and maximum feed size.

Medium-hard, крехък: каменни въглища

каменни въглища

4 x 150 g sample
500 ml stainless steel grinding jar
25 x 20 mm stainless steel grinding balls
2 min at 350 rpm 

Medium-hard, жилави: PMMA

PMMA

4 x 130 g sample
500 ml zirconium oxide grinding jar
15 x 25 mm zirconium oxide grinding balls
30 min pre-grinding at 400 rpm
150 x 10 mm zirconium oxide grinding balls
16 h fine-grinding at 300 rpm

Hard-brittle: гранит

гранит

4 x 80 g sample
250 ml agate grinding jar
6 x 30 mm agate grinding balls
15 min at 400 rpm 

Hard: silicon carbide

silicon carbide

4 x 400 g sample
500 ml zirconium oxide grinding jar
60 x 15 mm zirconium oxide grinding balls
25 min at 400 rpm 

To find the best solution for your sample preparation task, visit our application database.

Смилащите цилиндри са закрепени ексцентрично на слънчевото колело. Посоката на движение на слънчевото колело е обратна на посоката на движение на смилащите цилиндри и имат предавателно съотношение 1:-2 (или 1:-2.5, или 1:-3).

Смилащите топки в цилиндърите се движат под въздействието на наслагвани ротационни движения, така наречените Кориолис сили. Взаимодействието на енергиите на смилащите топки и цилиндъра, довеждат до много ефективно намаляване размера на частиците.

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